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Sarcopenia is primarily characterized by diminished skeletal muscle mass, which is a significant concern as individuals age. This condition involves the progressive loss of muscle tissue, leading to a decrease in muscle strength and function. The reduction in muscle mass can contribute to issues such as frailty, reduced mobility, and increased risk of falls, which are particularly problematic in older adults.

Understanding sarcopenia is crucial for developing preventive strategies and interventions aimed at maintaining muscle health in aging populations. Engaging in regular physical activity, particularly resistance training, and ensuring adequate nutrition, especially protein intake, are important in mitigating the effects of sarcopenia.

In contrast, options related to increased bone density, enhanced muscle strength, and decreased joint flexibility do not align with the defining characteristics of sarcopenia. While bone density changes may occur with aging, sarcopenia specifically refers to muscle mass, making the identification of its primary characteristic essential in clinical practice and research.